Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

Why it works: Mechanistic rationale: The thyroid packs high amounts of selenium-dependent enzymes (selenoproteins) involved in thyroid hormone activation (deiodinases) and antioxidant defense (e...

Instructions: Form & dose used most often in trials:. • Selenomethionine 200 µg/day (sometimes selenium-yeast ≈ selenomethionine) for 3–6 months is the most common regimen linked with antibody r...

Warnings: Do not exceed safe upper limits.. • NIH (U.S.) tolerable upper intake level (UL): 400 µg/day for adu...

Studies: 2024 ATA summary of a meta-analysis (Huwiler et al., 2024, T...

Why it works: Pro-thyroid effects on the HPT axis (mostly small or animal/human pilot data): Withania extracts have been shown to increase T4/T3 and reduce TSH in animals and in small human stud...

Instructions: Form & dose used in the RCT: 300 mg standardized root extract (e.g., KSM-66–type preparations) twice daily for 8 weeks; labs checked at baseline and at 8 weeks. Do not exceed label...

Warnings: Can trigger hyperthyroidism/thyroiditis: Multiple case reports link ashwagandha to painless thyroidi...

Studies: Sharma et al., 2018 – Double-blind RCT, subclinical hypothyr...

Why it works: Immune modulation: Vitamin D receptors are present on many immune cells. Active vitamin D can tilt responses away from inflammatory Th17 cells and support regulatory T cells (Tregs...

Instructions: 1) Check baseline vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D).. The NIH ODS considers ≥50 nmol/L (≥20 ng/mL) generally adequate for bone and overall health; >125 nmol/L (>50 ng...

Warnings: Toxicity / hypercalcemia: Excess vitamin D can cause hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, kidney injury, a...

Studies: Meta-analyses / systematic reviewsRCT meta-analysis (2021):...

Why it works: 1) Targets TSH signaling (myo-inositol).. Myo-inositol is a second messenger in one of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) pathways (the PLC–IP3/diacylglycerol arm). In thyroid c...

Instructions: Who was studied. Adults (mostly women) with Hashimoto’s and subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH ≈2.5–10 mIU/L) and/or positive TPOAb/TgAb. ResearchGate. Dose & form. Most trials used m...

Warnings: 1) Not a replacement for thyroid hormone when indicated.. If you meet criteria for overt hypothyroid...

Studies: Randomized & controlled trials (key examples)Double-blin...

Why it works: Celiac disease (CD) often coexists with autoimmune thyroid disease. Meta-analyses show CD is more common in people with autoimmune thyroid disease (including Hashimoto’s) than in t...

Instructions: Screen for celiac disease before you start. Ask your clinician for tTG-IgA (with total IgA) ± EMA/DGP—and stay on gluten until testing is complete to avoid false negatives. If posi...

Warnings: Don’t start GFD before celiac testing. Being gluten-free can produce false-negative serology/biopsy....

Studies: Syntheses & association dataMeta-analysis (2023) – HT pa...

Why it works: Anti-inflammatory & antioxidant pattern. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is rich in extra-virgin olive oil (polyphenols), vegetables/fruit (antioxidants, fiber), legumes/whole gra...

Instructions: Build your plate (daily/weekly targets):. • Daily: vegetables (aim for multiple servings), fruit (1–3), whole grains, legumes, nuts/seeds; use extra-virgin olive oil as primary fat...

Warnings: Do not replace prescribed therapy. MedDiet is adjunctive; continue levothyroxine and routine monitor...

Studies: Randomized pilot (2025, Nutrients): HT patients assigned to...