Cissus Quadrangularis

What It Is

Cissus quadrangularis is a perennial plant from the grape family (Vitaceae), native to India, Africa, and Southeast Asia. It’s commonly known as the Veldt Grape, Bone Setter, or Hadjod in traditional Ayurvedic medicine.

Historically, it has been used for bone healing, joint health, weight management, and digestive support. The plant’s stems are the most medicinally valuable part and are rich in antioxidants, flavonoids, triterpenoids, phytosterols, and ketosteroids, all of which contribute to its diverse biological effects.

How It Works

Cissus quadrangularis exerts its effects through multiple physiological pathways:

• Bone Health and Healing: The plant appears to stimulate osteoblast activity (cells responsible for bone formation) while reducing osteoclast activity (cells that break down bone). It promotes the synthesis of collagen, calcium deposition, and mineralization, which accelerates fracture healing. Key active compounds like ketosteroids and beta-sitosterol are believed to enhance these anabolic processes.
• Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Action: Cissus helps lower inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and cytokines. Its antioxidant constituents neutralize free radicals, reducing oxidative stress that can contribute to chronic inflammation, arthritis, and tissue damage.
• Metabolic and Weight Regulation: Research suggests Cissus may support weight loss and lipid regulation by influencing enzymes involved in fat metabolism and glucose uptake. Some studies indicate improvements in serum cholesterol, blood sugar levels, and body composition when used alongside diet and exercise.
• Pain and Joint Support: Through its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, it can reduce pain associated with arthritis, sports injuries, and overuse syndromes. The reduction in joint discomfort is often attributed to improved cartilage preservation and decreased inflammation.
• Gastroprotective and Antimicrobial Effects: Traditionally, it has been used to alleviate gastric ulcers, stomach irritation, and infections. The mucilage content and antioxidant compounds help protect the gastric lining from acid and oxidative stress.

Why It’s Important

Cissus quadrangularis is significant in health and wellness for several reasons:

• Bone Regeneration: It is one of the few natural agents shown to actively speed up bone repair, making it valuable for fracture recovery, osteoporosis prevention, and athletic injuries.
• Alternative to Synthetic Drugs: Its anti-inflammatory effects provide a natural alternative to NSAIDs, which can have side effects like gastrointestinal irritation or kidney strain when used long-term.
• Metabolic Health Support: The plant’s ability to influence lipid and glucose metabolism makes it an emerging supplement in managing metabolic syndrome and weight-related issues.
• Comprehensive Tissue Protection: With its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytoprotective actions, Cissus supports overall cellular resilience and healing capacity, particularly in musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal systems.

Considerations

While Cissus quadrangularis has strong traditional and scientific support, several factors should be taken into account:

• Dosage and Formulation: Standardized extracts (usually 500–1000 mg daily) are most studied. Raw preparations vary widely in potency, so consistency is key.
• Possible Side Effects: It is generally well tolerated, but some users report mild gastrointestinal upset, dry mouth, or headaches. Rare allergic reactions can occur.
• Drug Interactions: Cissus may influence blood sugar and lipid levels, so individuals on antidiabetic, lipid-lowering, or antihypertensive medications should monitor their response carefully and consult a healthcare provider.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: There’s insufficient evidence regarding its safety during pregnancy or lactation, so it’s best avoided unless under medical supervision.
• Quality Control: As with many herbal supplements, product purity and standardization vary widely. Choosing brands with third-party testing for contaminants and active compound concentration is essential.