Ginkgo Biloba

herb Verified

Specifically for Macular Degeneration

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Why it works for Macular Degeneration:

Researchers have hypothesized that standardized ginkgo leaf extracts (especially EGb 761) could support retinal health via:

Antioxidant/neuroprotective effects on retinal cells and photoreceptors. Thieme
Improved microvascular/ocular blood flow and platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonism, which might help ischemic retinal tissue. (Mechanistic rationale; not AMD-proven.) Thieme

How to use for Macular Degeneration:

There is no established, guideline-endorsed regimen for AMD. If used off-label under medical supervision, most clinical studies and regulators discuss dosing for standardized extracts (not raw leaf/tea), typically:

EGb 761 (acetone–water extract standardized to ~24% flavone glycosides, 6% terpene lactones): 120–240 mg/day in 2–3 divided doses, usually with meals. (General monograph dosing; again, not AMD-specific.) European Medicines Agency (EMA)

Practical tips (evidence-informed, safety-first):

Use a standardized product (EGb 761 or equivalent standardization) from a reputable manufacturer. European Medicines Agency (EMA)
Do not replace proven AMD care. For dry/intermediate AMD, AREDS2 supplements (lutein/zeaxanthin + vitamins C/E + zinc + copper) are the only oral regimen with consistent benefit in large trials and are recommended when indicated. National Eye Institute
Coordinate with your ophthalmologist and GP, especially if you take any medicines that affect bleeding or you have upcoming surgery. NCCIH

Scientific Evidence for Macular Degeneration:

Systematic review

Cochrane Review: “Ginkgo biloba extract for age-related macular degeneration” (latest version) — concluded insufficient evidence to support use; existing trials were small and methodologically limited. Cochrane

Randomized/controlled trials (small, older)

Lebuisson et al., 1986 (double-blind, placebo-controlled, n=10): reported statistically significant improvement in distance visual acuity with ginkgo vs placebo; very small sample, preliminary. Europe PMC
Fies & Dienel, 2002 (double-blind, n=99 with dry AMD; EGb 761 at 60 mg vs 240 mg daily for 6 months): reported improvements in visual acuity in both groups, somewhat greater at 240 mg; design and reporting limit certainty; no placebo arm. Europe PMC

Specific Warnings for Macular Degeneration:

Bleeding risk / drug interactions. Ginkgo can increase bleeding, especially with warfarin, aspirin, or other anticoagulants/antiplatelets; observational data and case reports include ocular hemorrhages (e.g., vitreous hemorrhage in an AMD patient). Avoid if you’re on blood thinners unless your doctor clears it. Stop ~2 weeks before surgery. NCCIH

Pregnancy & lactation. Likely unsafe in late pregnancy (possible bleeding during delivery) and insufficient data in breastfeeding—avoid. NCCIH

Seizure risk / seeds are toxic. Do not eat raw or roasted ginkgo seeds (they can be poisonous). High doses may lower seizure threshold; avoid if you have epilepsy. Mayo Clinic

Other interactions. NCCIH notes medication interactions beyond warfarin (e.g., with some other drugs); always review your med list with a clinician. NCCIH

Common side effects. Headache, GI upset, dizziness; monitor and discontinue if adverse effects occur. Mayo Clinic

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General Information (All Ailments)

Note: You are viewing ailment-specific information above. This section shows the general remedy information for all conditions.

What It Is

Ginkgo biloba is an herbal supplement derived from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree, one of the oldest living tree species in the world. Native to China, it has been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years. Today, it is available in various forms such as capsules, tablets, extracts, and teas. The active components of ginkgo include flavonoids and terpenoids, which are known for their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

How It Works

Ginkgo biloba is believed to work primarily through three mechanisms:

Improved Blood Flow: Ginkgo enhances circulation by dilating blood vessels and reducing blood viscosity, which can increase oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues—especially in the brain, eyes, and extremities.
Antioxidant Action: The flavonoids in ginkgo combat oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals, which may help protect cells and slow age-related decline.
Neuroprotective Effects: It may improve neuronal function and communication by influencing neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin. Some studies suggest it can support cognitive function and memory, particularly in older adults or those with mild cognitive impairment.

Why It’s Important

Ginkgo biloba is valued for its potential benefits in several health areas:

Cognitive Health: It is widely studied for supporting memory, focus, and mental clarity, with potential benefits for individuals experiencing cognitive decline or dementia.
Circulatory Support: By improving blood flow, it may aid in conditions like peripheral artery disease or tinnitus (ringing in the ears) that are related to poor circulation.
Antioxidant Protection: Its antioxidant capacity can help combat cellular damage associated with aging and environmental stressors.
Mood and Anxiety Relief: Some evidence indicates that ginkgo may have mild anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) effects by modulating stress-related hormones and neurotransmitters.

Considerations

While ginkgo biloba is generally considered safe when taken at recommended doses, there are important precautions:

Interactions: Ginkgo may interact with blood thinners (like warfarin or aspirin), increasing the risk of bleeding. It can also interact with antidepressants and certain diabetes medications.
Side Effects: Possible side effects include headaches, dizziness, upset stomach, or allergic reactions. Rarely, it may cause heart palpitations or gastrointestinal discomfort.
Dosage and Quality: Standardized extracts (often 24% flavone glycosides and 6% terpene lactones) are typically recommended for consistency and safety. The quality of supplements can vary widely, so reputable brands should be chosen.
Special Populations: Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals, and those with seizure disorders or bleeding conditions, should avoid ginkgo unless directed by a healthcare professional.

Helps with these conditions

Ginkgo Biloba is most effective for general wellness support with emerging research . The effectiveness varies by condition based on clinical evidence and user experiences.

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Ginkgo’s plausibility for PTSD comes from several biological actions that map onto processes believed to underlie PTSD (neuroinflammation, oxidative s...

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